Review
Open access
Aug 2026
Type 2 Diabetes and Hemodialysis: Metabolic Challenges and the Role of Intradialytic Exercise
Background and Aims Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the leading global cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESRD). Patients receiving hemodialysis often have a high cardiometabolic risk profile, including insulin resistance, glycemic variability, chronic inflammation, sarcopenia, and altered mineral metabolism. In thi...
L. Daminova, S. Muminova, Katherine R. Tuttle et al.
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