Comparative Toxicity of Four Industrially Important Nanoparticles to the Marine Diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum: Temporal Dynamics, Hazard Classification, and Phenotypic Response Patterns
Engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) are increasingly released into marine environments, raising concerns about their potential ecological risks. In this study, we evaluated the toxicity of four widely used ENPs—CuO, ZnO, TiO2, and SiO2—to the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum over a 7-day exposure. Using a range of e...