Preprint
Aug 2026
Billion-Scale Nearest-Neighbor Search under Fully Homomorphic Encryption on a Single GPU, Balancing Leakage and Cost
A system that answers "which database vectors are most similar to my query?" without the server ever seeing the query is built, and what this speed costs is measured: the hierarchy's access pattern leaks the database geometry, and it is shown that seeded padding cuts this leak by ~35x.
I. Isozaki, Madison Bratina, Edward Kim
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