Neurosurgical management of childhood-onset epilepsy in periventricular nodular heterotopia: A systematic review of effectiveness and outcomes.
Minimally invasive ablation appears effective and safe, while neuromodulation offers palliation where curative treatment is not feasible, and Invasive EEG-guided approaches can achieve seizure freedom in around half of children with PVNH-related epilepsy, with outcomes strongly predicted by laterality.