Untargeted Metabolomic Profiling of Spermatozoa and Seminal Plasma Identifies Candidate Metabolic Indicators of Semen Quality in Holstein Bulls
Simple Summary Reproductive efficiency is crucial for the economic success of dairy farming. Because a single bull can inseminate thousands of cows, poor semen quality leads to significant financial losses. However, standard evaluation methods cannot fully explain why some bulls produce better quality semen than others...