Review
Open access
Aug 2026
E-cigarettes and periodontal health: current evidence and research gaps
Abstract Cigarette smoking is a well-established risk factor for periodontitis, contributing to increased clinical attachment loss (CAL), alveolar bone loss, and impaired treatment response. As electronic cigarettes (ECs) are increasingly used as alternatives to combustible tobacco, questions remain regarding their adv...
C. Pannuti, Thaís Emília da Silva, S. D. de Aquino et al.
· Brazilian Oral Research · 1 citation