NDVI-Detected Vegetation Dynamics, Spatial Morphology and Fixed-Population Co-Location Proxies in Riyadh Governorate, Saudi Arabia, 2018–2026: A Multimetric Framework for Urban and Cultural-Landscape Monitoring
This study examines January–March Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)-detected vegetation, its spatial morphology and its co-location with a fixed population surface in Riyadh Governorate, Saudi Arabia, for 2018–2026. Seasonal Sentinel-2 Level-2A median composites were thresholded at NDVI 0.20, 0.30 and 0.40...