Preparation and Characterization of Black Seed Oil Oleogel and Its Application in Reduced Animal Fat Beef Hamburger Formulations
ABSTRACT This study aimed to produce an oleogel with comparable properties to animal fat for using as fat replacer in beef hamburger. Various ratios of beeswax (B) and adipic acid (A) gelators in black seed oil oleogels were investigated at a total concentration of 5% w/w of oil. The combined use of beeswax and adipic...