Open access
Aug 2026
Hybrid Particle Whale Optimization for Dual-Output EV Fast-Charging Parameter Estimation
High-voltage electric-vehicle (EV) fast charging requires accurate coordination between the off-board charger and the battery management system during voltage and current negotiation. This study evaluates a Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization-Whale Optimization Algorithm (HPWOA) schedule for training a dual-output feedf...
Buasa Andy Mayingi, B. Thango, D. Okojie et al.
· World Electric Vehicle Journ... · 0 citations