Open access
Sep 2026
Language enjoyment and emotional engagement: are they distinct or congruent constructs?
Emotional engagement and foreign language enjoyment are two widely studied affective constructs in second language acquisition (SLA) research, yet their empirical distinctiveness has never been formally tested. Substantial item-level overlap between their measurement instruments and consistently high inter-construct co...
Fakieh Alrabai, Abdullah Alamer
· Frontiers in Psychology · 0 citations