“Gut-Joint Axis” Perspective on Immunometabolic Crosstalk in Osteoarthritis: A Narrative Review of Mechanistic Insights and Targeted Strategies
Abstract Osteoarthritis (OA) is a heterogeneous whole-joint disease in which local mechanical injury interacts with systemic metabolic dysfunction and chronic low-grade inflammation. Increasing evidence links gut microbiota dysbiosis to OA, but the mechanisms through which gut-derived perturbations contribute to joint...