RESEARCH TRENDS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING WITH AUDIO-VISUAL MEDIA IN PRIMARY SCIENCE EDUCATION: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW (2020–2026)
Science education in primary schools requires active, contextual, and meaningful learning to develop students’ conceptual understanding and critical thinking skills. Although Problem-Based Learning (PBL) supported by audio-visual media has been widely implemented, existing empirical evidence remains fragmented and has...