Battery Swapping Stations for Grid Peak Shaving Under Virtual Power Plant Aggregation: A Complex-Network Evolutionary Diffusion Analysis
The rapid growth of distributed renewable generation and electric vehicles has increased the demand for flexible peak-shaving resources. Battery swapping stations (BSSs), which centrally manage standardized batteries under the battery-as-a-service model, can provide station-to-grid (S2G) services when aggregated by vir...