Mobility, Memory, and Network Structure in Agent-Based Models of Convention Tipping and Convergence
Tipping-point dynamics describe the critical conditions under which a committed minority drives a population to abandon an established convention in favor of a new one. We present a transparent agent-based model of this process, in which agents hold one of two behavioral states and a mobile committed minority attempts to overturn the incumbent convention. Our goal was to examine how localized mobility, bounded agent memory, and network topology jointly influence the tipping threshold. Using a custom agent-based simulation framework, we found that in many configurations, tipping becomes effectively inevitable: given sufficient time, the population always converges to the minority state. This observation motivated a complementary analysis focused on the pace of convergence rather than its feasibility. We introduce a unified predictive model that accurately estimates how structural and behavioral parameters determine the time required for complete adoption, showing that mobility is the dominant accelerator while memory and connectivity modulate convergence in systematic ways. Together, these results extend classical tipping-point research by linking structural and behavioral factors not only to the likelihood of convention change but also to the timescale on which it unfolds. While we frame the model in terms of convention-like binary behavioral adoption, the same mechanisms bear on norm change and other contagion-like social processes.