Gary W. Middleton

Regulatory B cells and the microbiome: implications for checkpoint blockade therapy in cancer

Regulatory B cells (Bregs) restrain effector immunity through interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-35, and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), and their induction depends on signals supplied by the host microbiota. Two mechanistic axes anchor this relationship. Gut commensals drive myeloid IL-1β and IL-6 production, whi...