Wave Climate Signals Are Obscured by Observational Errors and Sampling Bias of Voluntary Observing Ships
Visual wave observations from Voluntary Observing Ships (VOSs) have long been regarded as a useful data source for studying the long‐term evolution of the global wave climate due to their unique multi‐decadal continuity. However, by integrating satellite altimetry, buoy records, and an ERA5‐based Virtual Observation...