pH-Responsive Freeze-Thawed Polyvinyl Alcohol/Chitosan Hydrogels for Topical Delivery of Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Piper betle Leaf Extract Toward Wound Healing Applications
Piper betle leaf extract (BLE) shows strong anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities. However, its application is limited due to poor water solubility, oxidative instability, and rapid clearance from the application site. To address these challenges, a crosslinker-free polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan (PV...