This study reconsiders Necmettin Erbakan’s place in modern Turkish Islamism: Was Necmettin Erbakan the architect of modern Turkish Islamism, or the organizer of an already-existing repertoire? Drawing on a qualitative, interpretive reading of his speeches and writings alongside the secondary literature, it first dist...
Nineteenth-century Ottoman history has long been interpreted through a Eurocentric lens that depicts the empire as a passive actor shaped primarily by European intervention. Within this framework, the Tanzimat Edict of 1839 and the Islahat Edict of 1856 are often understood as externally imposed concessions, particular...
Hamdullah Baycar· Avrasya Uluslararası Araştır...· 0 citations
The events of October 7, 2023, were reflexively framed in Western media discourse as a historical rupture comparable to September 11, 2001, reshaping public interpretations of the war in Gaza. Such analogies carry significant implications for how violence, responsibility, and political legitimacy are constructed in int...
Hamdullah Baycar, Mehmet Rakipoğlu· Journal of Humanity and Soci...· 0 citations
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