Fungal extracellular vesicles reshape Lactobacillus rhamnosus vesicles to enhance lysosomal homeostasis and resolve intestinal inflammation
Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging mediators of intercellular and interkingdom communication. While bacterial EVs directly modulate host health, whether exogenous vesicles can reprogram gut microbial vesiculation and bioactivity remains unclear. Using a defined in vitro conditioning system, ScEV exposur...