Author

Hao Ai

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Review Open access Aug 2026

Associations of the Chinese healthy eating index and dietary diversity score with depressive and anxious symptoms among older adults

Depression and anxiety significantly contribute to the mental health disease burden. Although healthy dietary patterns may mitigate mental distress, evidence regarding the associations of dietary quality and dietary diversity with mental health remains limited. This study aimed to investigate the independent and joint associations of the Chinese Healthy Eating Index (CHEI) and Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) with depression, anxiety, and their co-occurrence among Chinese older adults. We utilized cross-sectional data from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey, which included a total of 9,455 participants aged 65 years and older. The CHEI and DDS were applied to evaluate dietary quality and dietary diversity, respectively. We employed logistic regression models to examine these associations. In the fully adjusted model, higher CHEI was associated with lower odds of depression (OR [odds ratio] tertile [T] 3 vs. T1= 0.63, 95% CI [confidence interval]: 0.53, 0.75), anxiety (OR T3 vs. T1= 0.61, 95% CI: 0.51, 0.74), and their co-occurrence (OR T3 vs. T1= 0.66, 95% CI: 0.51, 0.84). A 10-unit increment in CHEI was associated with 33% lower odds of depression, 32% lower odds of anxiety, and 32% lower odds of their co-occurrence. Similarly, a higher DDS was inversely associated with the odds of depression (OR T3 vs. T1= 0.59, 95% CI: 0.50, 0.70), anxiety (OR T3 vs. T1= 0.56, 95% CI: 0.47, 0.67), and their co-occurrence (OR T3 vs. T1= 0.60, 95% CI: 0.47, 0.76). Each one-unit increase in DDS was correlated with a 12% lower odds of depression, anxiety, and their co-occurrence. Moreover, compared to the group with low CHEI and low DDS, the group with high CHEI and high DDS showed significantly lower odds of depression, anxiety, and their co-occurrence. The study revealed that higher CHEI and DDS scores were inversely associated with depressive symptoms, anxious symptoms, and their co-occurrence among Chinese older adults. Additional longitudinal research is required to confirm our findings. Not applicable.

Xin-Yan Ma, Han-Qing Zhao, Yu-Hong Zhao et al. · BMC Psychiatry · 0 citations

Review Open access Aug 2026

Anti-inflammatory diet, physical activity, and risk of all-cause mortality in older adults: a prospective cohort study

Background Anti-inflammatory dietary patterns are associated with a lower risk of several chronic diseases, but their association with all-cause mortality in Chinese older adults is unknown. In this first study of a Chinese population, we investigated this association and its joint effects with physical activity, to inform strategies for healthy longevity. Methods This analysis included 6,468 participants aged ≥65 years from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. Anti-inflammatory diet was assessed using the anti-inflammatory diet index (AIDI), which was derived from data collected via a simplified food frequency questionnaire. Physical activity was assessed by a self-reported questionnaire. We used Cox proportional hazards regression models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results During a median follow-up of 7 years, 4,117 deaths occurred. After multivariable adjustment, compared with participants in the lowest tertile of the AIDI, those in the highest tertile had a lower risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 0.85; 95%CI: 0.77-0.94). Each one standard deviation increase in the AIDI was associated with a 8% lower risk of mortality. Joint analyses further showed that a high AIDI combined with regular exercise, or with high leisure activity, was associated with a significantly lower mortality risk. Conclusions Adherence to an anti-inflammatory diet was associated with reduced mortality risk in Chinese older adults. The findings underscore the value of integrating both dietary and physical activity strategies to promote healthy longevity.

Ming-Hui Sun, Tian Li, Ling Cong et al. · Frontiers in Immunology · 0 citations