Spatial Coherence and Non-Stationary Drought Dynamics in Water Management Basins of Northern and Central Kazakhstan
This study investigates the spatiotemporal variability, spatial consistency, and non-stationarity of meteorological and hydrological droughts in three major water management basins (WMBs) of northern and central Kazakhstan: Nura–Sarysu, Esil, and Tobyl–Torgai. Long-term instrumental observations from meteorological sta...