Progranulin promotes glioma progression through the M2-TGF-β axis: targeted therapy with SORT1-loaded HAMA hydrogel microspheres.
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor, and is characterized by rapid growth, therapeutic resistance, and a highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Progranulin (GRN/PGRN), a secreted glycoprotein, promotes malignancy in various cancers, yet its role in GBM remains poorly defined. B...