We take a new look at the relation between finite-horizon trajectory optimization and Schr\"odinger bridge sampling. Viewed as inference, KL-regularized trajectory optimization is solved by sampling from a Gibbs--Boltzmann distribution whose energy is the trajectory cost, and the adjoint Schr\"odinger bridge sampler (A...
The edge-of-stability (EoS) phenomenon of full-batch Adam has been widely observed, yet its underlying dynamical mechanism remains poorly understood. In this paper, we identify Adam's second-moment adaptation as a negative-feedback mechanism that drives the dynamics toward the stability boundary. We characterize this m...
GPU implementations of the Muon optimizer and of first-order semidefinite programming (SDP) solvers share one computational pattern: a matrix factorization is replaced by a fixed-depth polynomial filter applied after normalization. When a few dominant spectral components carry most of the input's scale, normalization p...