Hong-Qing Song

China’s LNG Ex-Factory Prices by Integrating Large Language Models and Ensemble Learning: A Cutting-Edge Hybrid Approach

China’s liquefied natural gas (LNG) ex-factory prices are affected by market-oriented reforms, supply structure changes, and diverse heterogeneous factors, presenting strong nonlinearity, nonstationarity, multiscale coupling, and high-frequency disturbances. Traditional models fail to capture such complicated dynamics,...