Open access
Sep 2026
High-frequency 1–3 piezoelectric composite planar phased-array underwater acoustic transducers: design, finite element simulation, fabrication and characterization
High-frequency two-dimensional piezoelectric composite phased arrays require reliable element-level electrical interconnection to achieve precise phase and amplitude control; however, conventional embedded conductive structures and adhesive-based flexible circuits remain limited by insufficient electrical accessibility...
Qi-Guo Huang, Ming-Yang Wang, Yi-Qiang Wu et al.
· Smart materials and structur... · 0 citations