Open access
Aug 2026
Malondialdehyde–Superoxide Dismutase Redox Imbalance as an Early Biological Risk Indicator in Young Adult Smokers
Findings indicate a measurable oxidant–antioxidant imbalance associated with biochemical tobacco exposure in young adults and highlight the relevance of the MDA–SOD redox interplay as a biologically coherent marker pair for assessing early smoking-related redox disturbance in young adults.
K. Kumboyono, I. N. Chomsy, T. Wihastuti
· Vascular Health and Risk Man... · 0 citations