Ihya’ Ulumudin

Reinterpreting qiwāmah in Qur’an 4:34: Integrating critical hermeneutics and maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah for gender justice

This study examines the interpretation of QS. An-Nisā’ [4]:34, particularly the concept of qiwāmah, and its implications for gender relations in Muslim societies. It seeks to address the tension between classical hierarchical interpretations and contemporary reformist interpretations oriented toward gender justice. Usi...