Diabetic Retinal Disease Revisited: Integrating Neurovascular Unit Dysfunction and Hemodynamics in Pathophysiology and Treatment.
Studies have identified the involvement of microvascular injury, neurovascular unit (NVU) dysfunction, and retinal hemodynamic abnormalities in diabetic retinal diseases, including diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema (DME). Although chronic hyperglycemia is the central driver of retinal damage, mounting evi...