A 15-year atmospheric record of intentionally produced persistent organic pollutants in Spain: Spatial gradients, thermodynamic fractionation, and temporal trends.
This study presents a comprehensive 15-year (2009-2023) assessment of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the Spanish atmosphere to evaluate the Stockholm Convention's effectiveness. Polyurethane foam passive samplers were deployed across 23 sites to monitor legacy pesticides and industrial chemicals. Results revea...