Surface Functionalization of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: Interfacial Design Rules for High-Loading Electrochemical Nanofluids.
High-solid-loading nanofluids are attractive for energy storage and related electrochemical applications but remain fundamentally limited by aggregation, sedimentation, and prohibitive viscosity growth. This work establishes that Brønsted acid site density, governed by the acidity, grafting density, and molecular struc...