10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic Acid, a Bioactive Component of Royal Jelly, Induces p53-Mediated Apoptosis in Cholangiocarcinoma In Vitro and In Vivo.
The poor prognosis and limited treatment options for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) continue to drive the search for novel therapeutics with clear mechanisms of action. 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA) is a unique bioactive fatty acid isolated from royal jelly, yet its therapeutic potential in CCA is unknown. In this stud...