Author

Jiancong Xiao

2 papers indexed here

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Open access Aug 2026

Statistical impossibility and possibility of aligning LLMs with human preferences: From Condorcet paradox to Nash equilibrium

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with diverse human preferences is critical for ensuring fairness and informed outcomes when deploying these models for decision-making. In this paper, we seek to uncover fundamental statistical limits concerning aligning LLMs with human preferences, with a focus on the probabilisti...

Kaizhao Liu, Qi Long, Zhekun Shi et al. · Annals of Statistics · 0 citations

Preprint Aug 2026

Beyond Post-Hoc Temperature Scaling: Bilevel Optimization for LLM Calibration

This work proposes maximizing the entropy of predictive distributions as the calibration objective, which directly targets overconfidence by discouraging overly concentrated predictions, and adopts an efficient first-order approximation that avoids explicit second-order computation.

Ruochen Jin, Zhanliang Wang, Zong-Yu Dai et al. · 0 citations