Background: Breast cancer remains the most common malignant tumor among women worldwide. Although conventional treatments including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy are effective, they are confronted with challenges such as tumor heterogeneity, systemic toxicity, and recurrence driven by drug resistance. To over...
Kai-Yan Su, Yan Li, Dong-Mei Zhang et al.· Pharmaceutics· 0 citations
Abstract Immune checkpoint inhibitors have transformed cancer therapy with the programmed cell death protein 1–programmed death‐ligand 1 axis, demonstrating substantial efficacy by targeting adaptive immunity across multiple malignancies. However, the limited clinical responses observed in a considerable proportion of...