The lactate dehydrogenase-to-albumin ratio predicts frequent exacerbations in COPD patients with coronary heart disease.
OBJECTIVE Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and coronary heart disease (CHD) frequently exhibit heightened systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and cardiopulmonary dysfunction, contributing to an increased risk of recurrent exacerbations. The lactate dehydrogenase-to-albumin ratio (LAR) is...