Numerical Simulation of Aerodynamic Interactions between CR450 Trains and Perforated Windbreaks: Effects of Track Topography and Crosswind Intensity
As high-speed railway technology advances rapidly, aerodynamic safety under crosswind conditions has become a critical engineering concern. This study investigates the aerodynamic characteristics of the CR450 high-speed train under various track topographies—including viaducts, embankments, and cuttings—equipped with...