Jihan Ichsan

Gut microbiome dysbiosis in traumatic brain injury: Implications for neurological recovery and microbiome-targeted interventions

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of mortality and long-term neurological disability worldwide. In addition to primary brain damage, TBI induces complex secondary pathophysiological responses involving neuroinflammation, systemic immune dysregulation, gastrointestinal dysfunction, and alterations in the mic...