Abstract Biomarkers play a pivotal role in contemporary medical research, particularly in the early diagnosis of diseases and personalized treatment. Although previous studies have systematically reviewed markers across various disease domains, an integrated framework that connects major physiological systems, encompasses multiple organs, and spans a broad spectrum of diseases is still lacking. In the context of modern health challenges, marked by the high prevalence of chronic diseases and widespread comorbidities, establishing a panoramic biomarker navigation system is imperative. This review offers the initial comprehensive elucidation of the biomarker interaction networks across diverse systems, organs, and diseases, and delineates the operational framework for establishing a “biomarker navigation system”. The core contribution of this work is a transition from ‘knowledge enumeration’ to a more integrated, systems‐level approach. This provides new perspectives in systems biology for understanding the shared pathological foundations of comorbidities. Furthermore, it provides a theoretical basis for a reorientation in medicine, from a focus on ‘treating existing diseases’ to ‘preventive interventions’ and from ‘single‐disease management’ to a comprehensive, systems‐based approach. To facilitate the exploration and application of this system–organ–disease–biomarker network, we developed the “Human Biomarker Navigator” web platform (http://www.hbiomarker.com), which allows researchers and clinicians to efficiently retrieve the functional characteristics and clinical significance of diverse biomarkers across different disease contexts.
Meng-Yao Li, Qian Zhang, Zi-Jie Wang et al.· iMeta· 1 citation
Hyperuricemia (HUA), a prevalent metabolic disorder, needs new xanthine oxidase (XOD) inhibitor studies to reduce severe side effects. In this study, the inhibitory activities of 20 dietary flavonoids against XOD were determined in vitro, and a structure-activity relationship (SAR) model was subsequently developed. Diosmetin and quercetin emerged as the most potent inhibitors, both of which displayed mixed-type inhibition. SWISS-MODEL-based docking revealed that the key binding sites for diosmetin are Asn768 (active site) and Phe1009 (allosteric site), whereas those for quercetin are Lys771 (active site) and Phe914 (allosteric site). In hyperuricemic mice, diosmetin and quercetin reduced serum uric acid levels, suppressed XOD activity, and improved renal damage. Analysis by 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that both diosmetin and quercetin supplementation increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria, such as Lactobacillus johnsonii, and reduced the abundance of harmful bacteria, such as Desulfovibrio fairfieldensis. Notably, diosmetin shows lower potential hepatotoxicity than quercetin, as evidenced by the restoration of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in HUA-induced liver injury and a higher binding docking score with the p38MAPK protein. These findings provide a robust scientific basis for developing natural therapeutics with enhanced efficacy and safety.
Pingping Guo, Xing-Xing Liu, Feng-Ying Dong et al.· Food Science and Human Welln...· 0 citations
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