When Is a General Factor Distinguishable? Non-Proportionality, Stable Structure, and the Bifactor Decision
Whether an added general dimension is necessary beyond correlated first-order factors is a property of population covariance, not an estimator. A bifactor structure is covariance-equivalent to correlated factors when general and group loadings are proportional within every cluster. When every cluster violates proportio...
Jinsong Chen
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