Julio Martínez-Burnes

Emotional pain in non-human mammals: from neural circuitry and opioid signaling to dysthymia-like states, grief-like behaviors, and physiological dysregulation

This review aims to analyze the neurobiological, pathophysiological, and ethological foundations of emotional pain in non-human mammals, with particular emphasis on the transition from adaptive responses to pathological states such as animal dysthymia and Takotsubo syndrome. In the review, four conditions that can acti...