Sector-level disparities in ESC-recommended GDMT implementation for patients with HFrEF: a real-world retrospective comparative study
In patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) is crucial for reducing morbidity and mortality. The 2023 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) ‘Focused Update’ on heart failure reinforces the ‘Four Pillars’ of HFrEF treatment as Class I recommendati...