Open access
Sep 2026
Evaluation of sedation by intramuscular administration of dexmedetomidine, midazolam, butorphanol in king penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus) under managed care
King penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus) are the second largest species of Sphenisciformes. Although it is not uncommon to manually restrain smaller penguin species for induction with inhalant anesthesia, doing so in larger species presents challenges. Therefore, this prospective study aimed to establish a safe, reliabl...
Rashea L. Minor, Alicia M. Lepping, Ashley N. Edes et al.
· Journal of zoo and wildlife... · 0 citations