Integrated use of municipal solid waste amendment with poultry manure for enhancement of soil nutrient status and productivity of spinach (Spinacea oleracea L.) in Inceptisol
Soil fertility decline caused by the depletion of soil organic matter is a critical global challenge. Organic amendments such as municipal solid waste (MSW) compost and poultry manure represent promising alternatives to chemical fertilizers, providing both nutrient recycling and sustainable waste management solutions....