Secondary metabolites are promising alternatives due to their diverse biological activities, including antimicrobial and antiviral effects. Wild plants, particularly Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav (Silverleaf Nightshade), harbor endophytic microorganisms that represent an untapped source of such bioactive compounds. In the present study, four bacterial endophytes were isolated from the leaves of Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav (LS1, LS2, LS3, and LS4), and their extracts (S1, S2, S3, and S4) were prepared. Extract S4 showed both qualitative and quantitative inhibitory activity against a broad range of standard and multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. Moreover, it showed significant antiviral effects against Adenovirus serotype 7 and Herpes Simplex Viruses 1 and 2. The endophytic bacterium LS4 was identified microscopically, biochemically, and via whole-genome sequencing as Bacillus spizizenii CCASU-2025-89. Cytotoxic assessment of S4 revealed a CC50 of 80.71 μg/mL and a safe concentration of 6.23 μg/mL. Whole-genome analysis revealed conserved biosynthetic gene clusters of antimicrobial peptides including bacilysin, subtilin, mycosubtilin, bacillaene, bacillibactin, subtilosin A, and Pulcherriminic acid. Overall, this study demonstrates that endophytic bacterium Bacillus spizizenii from Solanum elaeagnifolium represents a promising resource for developing new antimicrobial and antiviral therapeutics.
Merihan S. Sabra, Lina Jamil M. Abdel-Hafez, Amr S. Bishr et al.· Frontiers in Cellular and In...· 0 citations
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a significant global health concern, particularly in Egypt, where its prevalence is estimated at 4.5%-6.7%. The Egyptian genotype, HCV-4, accounts for most infections and is a leading cause of cirrhosis, chronic liver disease, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A previous study was conducted in Egypt to examine certain single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in both toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) and their association to interferon therapy. However, there is still a remaining gap to examine the correlation of both TLR3 and IL-10 gene polymorphism to the disease progression and disease prognosis among Egyptian genotype, HCV-4. This study investigates the relationship between toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) polymorphism (rs1879026) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) polymorphism (rs1800896) with liver disease progression among Egyptian HCV genotype 4 patients. A case-control study was conducted involving blood samples from Egyptian HCV patients, categorized into four groups: chronic hepatitis C, cirrhosis, HCC, and a healthy control group. Genotyping of IL-10 (rs1800896) and TLR3 (rs1879026) polymorphisms was performed using TaqMan SNP assays. Standard genomic analysis methods and international guidelines have been implemented for patient recruitment and analysis. The IL-10 rs1800896 CC genotype frequency increased progressively with disease severity, observed in 5% of controls, 26.67% fibrosis, 46.67% cirrhosis, and 66.67% HCC patients (p-value < 0.001), indicating a significant association with progression of HCV-related liver disease. In contrast, TLR3 rs1879026 genotype distribution showed no statistically significant differences across groups (p-value > 0.05). The IL-10 gene polymorphism (rs1800896) may contribute to genetic susceptibility in Egyptian patients, increasing the risk of HCV-related cirrhosis and HCC progression. In contrast, TLR3 rs1879026 had no clear impact on disease progression in Egyptian patients. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of testing the correlation between the IL-10 gene and the TLR3 polymorphism in disease progression among Egyptian HCV patients. Not applicable.
Ashaimaa A Eid, A. H. Abbas, A. Abbas et al.· BMC Infectious Diseases· 0 citations
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