Khalil M. Abdelnaby

A Systematic Multi-Paradigm Evaluation Framework for Network Intrusion Detection in Fog-IoT Environments: Deep Learning, Transformer, and Ensemble Methods Across Deployment Tiers

The Adaptive Confidence-Gated Ensemble framework for Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDSs) in resource-heterogeneous fog-IoT deployments is presented and targeted data collection, few-shot adaptation, and federated learning are recommended as the most critical future directions.