Targeting glial PD-1/PD-L1 restores microglial homeostasis and reduces neuronal hyperactivity in an Alzheimer’s disease model
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) involves complex neuroimmune dysregulation, and the role of immune checkpoint pathways in regulating neuro–glial interactions and intrinsic glial homeostasis remains unclear. In AD, glial expression of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) is elevated in mouse models and...