Biomaterials Combined With Physical Modulation Strategies for Spinal Cord Injury Repair: Material Design, Mechanism, and Challenges.
Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes persistent neurological deficits because primary damage initiates dynamic secondary cascades that restrict endogenous repair. Functional biomaterials can bridge lesions, provide structural and biochemical support, guide axonal growth, and remodel the inhibitory microenvironment. However,...