Fluid–Solid Coupling Simulation and Field Flow Response of Separate-Layer Fracturing in Vertically Heterogeneous Thick Shale: Insights from the Qiongzhusi Formation
The Qiongzhusi Formation, a thick and vertically heterogeneous marine shale sequence in southern China, presents substantial obstacles to efficient hydraulic stimulation when conventional horizontal-well staged fracturing is applied, owing to marked interlayer contrasts in mineralogy, rock mechanics, and natural fractu...