Many clinical decisions are a choice among a few fixed options, taken quickly and in large numbers. Such decisions also need an uncertainty estimate to know when to defer to a clinician. Generative language models answer slowly in free text and state their confidence poorly. In contrast, System 1 models answer zero-sho...
Xiu-Feng Yang, Konstantinos Vrettos, Zeineb Ben Chaaben et al.· 1 citation
Medical image encoders from different groups are increasingly treated as interchangeable, on the assumption that scale and clinical supervision concentrate their representations onto a shared structure. Whether this convergence is real, what produces it, and whether it is clinically usable are untested, and the similar...
Soroosh Tayebi Arasteh, S. Ziegelmayer, Mahshad Lotfinia et al.· arXiv.org· 0 citations
Large language models achieve high scores on medical knowledge assessments, yet clinical reasoning requires actively deciding what to investigate under uncertainty. We developed an agentic evaluation framework in hematologic oncology in which models must proactively request clinical data across three sequential rounds...
K. Braitsch, L. Schmalbrock, Theresa Weltermann et al.· arXiv.org· 1 citation
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