Lun-Li Gong

A dual-bioeffect nanoengineered piezoelectric-photothermal hydrogel induces endochondral ossification and promotes critical-sized bone regeneration.

INTRODUCTION Critical-sized bone defects remain a major clinical challenge in orthopedics. Current strategies including inert implants and autologous bone grafts suffer from complications like loosening, infection, and donor site morbidity. Piezoelectric and photothermal stimuli synergistically regulate bone regenerati...