Luthfi Ridzki Fakhrian

THE PROGRESSIVE STEPS OF "GAPI" AS A MAJOR NATIONALIST FEDERATION, 1939–1941

The rejection of the Soetardjo Petition and the rising threat of global fascism triggered political consolidation among nationalists in the Dutch East Indies during the late 1930s. Amidst these dynamics, the Indonesian Political Federation (GAPI) emerged as a space for collective struggle across political organizations...